Unit 4: Statistics and Probability
Topic 4.5: Probability Fundamentals Questions
Practice 20 exam-style questions for IB Math AI SL Topic 4.5. Review the question stems below, then unlock the full Question Bank to access markschemes, model answers, and AI grading.
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A fair spinner has 8 equal sectors numbered 1 to 8. The spinner is spun once.
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There are 12 marbles: 7 striped and 5 plain. Find the probability a random marble is striped.
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A fair coin is tossed once. Write down the probability of getting heads.
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The probability a train is late is 0.12. Over 150 journeys, estimate how many times it is late.
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A bag has 4 white and 6 black balls. Find the probability of drawing a white ball.
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A survey shows 45 out of 60 people own a smartphone. Find the probability a random person does NOT own one.
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State, with a reason, whether this is possible: an event has probability 0.
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The probability it rains tomorrow is 0.3. Find the probability it does not rain.
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A standard die is rolled. Find the probability of an odd number.
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Events A and B are mutually exclusive with P(A) = 0.3 and P(B) = 0.45. Find P(A ∪ B).
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State what it means for two events to be mutually exclusive.
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State the probability of an event that is certain to happen.
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Two independent events each have probability 0.4. Find the probability that both occur.
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State the probability of an impossible event.
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A spinner has probabilities P(A) = 0.5, P(B) = 0.2, P(C) = ?. Find P(C).
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Explain why a probability of 1.4 is impossible.
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In a box of 25 chocolates, 10 are dark. Find the probability a randomly chosen chocolate is dark.
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A die is rolled 60 times. Find the expected number of 4s.
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A coin is tossed 50 times. Find the expected number of tails.
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From 40 students, 24 study Spanish. Find the probability a random student does NOT study Spanish.
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