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All 9 Flashcards — Scatter & correlation
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Question
What does a scatter diagram show?
Answer
Paired (x, y) data plotted as points, revealing any relationship between the variables.
Question
How do you describe correlation?
Answer
By its direction (positive/negative/none) and its strength (strong/weak).
Question
What does positive correlation mean?
Answer
As one variable increases, the other tends to increase too.
Question
What range does Pearson's r take?
Answer
From −1 to 1 inclusive.
Question
What does the sign of r tell you?
Answer
The direction of the correlation (positive or negative).
Question
What does the size of |r| tell you?
Answer
The strength — near 1 is strong, near 0 is weak.
Question
What does r = ±1 mean?
Answer
The points lie exactly on a straight line (perfect linear correlation).
Question
Does a strong r prove causation?
Answer
No — correlation does not imply causation; a third factor may explain it.
Question
What kind of relationship does r measure?
Answer
Linear only — a strong curved pattern can still give a small r.
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Full study notes for Scatter & correlation
Topic 4.4 hub
Correlation & regression
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